{"id":248,"date":"2012-05-22T12:18:29","date_gmt":"2012-05-22T12:18:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=248"},"modified":"2012-05-27T12:16:04","modified_gmt":"2012-05-27T09:16:04","slug":"bush-pilot-sendromu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=248","title":{"rendered":"Bush Pilot Sendromu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Alaska ve Kanada\u2019n\u0131n tundralar\u0131, Amerika, Rusya, Sibirya, G\u00fcney Afrika, Kenya, Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda\u2019n\u0131n vah\u015fi-\u0131ss\u0131z do\u011fas\u0131na yap\u0131lan ke\u015fif, kurtarma, av veya turistik u\u00e7u\u015flarda bir dizi zorluk ve riskler vard\u0131r. \u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00e7ok zorlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r, ayr\u0131ca vah\u015fi hayvanlar \u00e7\u0131kabilir, telsiz ve radar hizmeti al\u0131nmayabilir, bir ar\u0131za veya kaza durumunda yard\u0131m gelmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir. B\u00fcy\u00fck u\u00e7aklar\u0131n inemedi\u011fi, havaalan\u0131, pist veya ini\u015fe elveri\u015fli d\u00fczl\u00fcklerin bile bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6l, step, kutup, k\u00f6y-kasaba gibi b\u00f6lgelere u\u00e7maya \u201cbush flying<\/em>\u201c, buralara inen u\u00e7aklara da \u201cbush planes<\/em>\u201d denilmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr u\u00e7aklar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131nda ini\u015f kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geni\u015f lastikleri, etraftaki a\u011fa\u00e7, kaya gibi engellere \u00e7arpmamak i\u00e7in de y\u00fcksek kanatlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ama Cessna, Piper, Maule gibi modifikasyon yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f normal birka\u00e7 ki\u015filik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck u\u00e7aklarla da bush<\/em>u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131labilmektedir. Sportif ve e\u011flence y\u00f6n\u00fc olmakla birlikte, \u00e7o\u011funlukla yerle\u015fim yeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki alanlara yap\u0131lan hava taksi u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 veya ta\u015fra havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Avc\u0131lar\u0131 belirli bir sahaya indirme, hava foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ekme, deniz-g\u00f6l-ada-orman gibi yerlere seri ula\u015f\u0131m, arama-kurtarma, yang\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcrme, zirai ila\u00e7lama, gazetecilik, su\u00e7lu takip, organ nakli ve devriye u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 gibi kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu u\u00e7u\u015flar, asl\u0131nda karayoluyla ula\u015f\u0131m zorluklar\u0131 olan \u00fccra yerlere ve zor co\u011frafyalara ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in neredeyse tek \u00e7aredir ve karayolu, trenyolu yapmaktan \u00e7ok daha ucuzdur.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cBush pilot<\/em>\u201d olabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir e\u011fitim gerekmekte ise de, heyecan aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7indeki PPL sahibi baz\u0131 amat\u00f6r pilotlar, u\u00e7u\u015f disiplinini ihl\u00e2l ederek macera pe\u015finde riskli u\u00e7u\u015flara kalk\u0131\u015fabilirler. Onlar ek bir riskli hareket yapmasa da zaten u\u00e7u\u015f yap\u0131lan co\u011frafya riskli, meteorolojik ko\u015fullar genellikle k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr; bir kaza durumunda yard\u0131m gelmesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azd\u0131r\u2026 Her 59 ki\u015fiden birinin pilot lisans\u0131 olan Alaska\u2019da 290 ticari havac\u0131l\u0131k kurulu\u015fu vard\u0131r. Bu \u015firketlerden kiralanan hava taksi u\u00e7aklar\u0131yla \u0131ss\u0131z b\u00f6lgelere yap\u0131lan u\u00e7u\u015flarda \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc kaza oran\u0131 %21 olup, ortalaman\u0131n olduk\u00e7a \u00fcst\u00fcndedir. ABD\u2019deki hava taksi kazalar\u0131n\u0131n %30\u2032u Alaska\u2019da olmakta; bu oran u\u00e7u\u015f say\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re Amerikan\u0131n di\u011fer eyaletleri ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n 4 kat fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131na tekab\u00fcl etmektedir. Bu nedenle Alaska sivil havac\u0131l\u0131k yetkilileri \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc kazalar\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in \u201cbush<\/em>\u201d pilotlar\u0131 hedef tahtas\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f emniyetine \u00f6zen g\u00f6steren \u015firketler de vard\u0131r ve onlar\u0131n oranlar\u0131 bu kadar y\u00fcksek de\u011fildir. Ancak baz\u0131 \u015firketler e\u011fitim, brifing ve s\u00fcpervizyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, keza u\u00e7ak bak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru yapmamakta; SOP\u2019lere ve \u2018go\/no go\u2019<\/em> kriterlerine uymamaktad\u0131rlar. Bu \u015firketlerin pilotlara olumsuz durumlarda bile u\u00e7u\u015f i\u00e7in bask\u0131 uygulad\u0131klar\u0131, niteliksiz-tecr\u00fcbesiz eleman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 ve maa\u015f (veya i\u015f \u00fczerinden komisyon) \u00f6demede zorluk \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 duyulmaktad\u0131r. Pilotlarda stres yaratan ba\u015fka bir unsur da bu b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131n\u0131n iyi olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Sosyal hayat\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka, \u00e7o\u011funlukla kraker ve me\u015frubatla kar\u0131n doyuran, penceresiz bar\u0131naklarda yatan, rahat\u00e7a banyo yapamayan pilotlar\u0131n yorgunlu\u011fu ve moral bozuklu\u011fu baz\u0131 kazalar\u0131n haz\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olabilmektedir. Baz\u0131 pilotlar bu ko\u015fullarda ve b\u00f6yle u\u00e7aklarla u\u00e7maktan korktuklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dile getirmi\u015flerdir. Sonu\u00e7ta, ister macerac\u0131 pilotlar\u0131n zor ko\u015fullarda heyecan amac\u0131yla riskli tutumlara girmeleri (\u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131k) bi\u00e7iminde, isterse baz\u0131 \u015firketlerin pilotlar\u0131 bu risklere zorlamas\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde olsun, kaza olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir u\u00e7u\u015f etkinli\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r ki, \u201cBush Pilot Sendromu\u201d budur. (2,3).<\/p>\n

Ancak bu t\u00fcr u\u00e7u\u015flar do\u011fru bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sonuna \u201cSendrom\u201d gibi bir hastal\u0131k \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yapan kavramlar eklenmeden ele al\u0131nabilir. Sonsuz g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde ve e\u015fsiz do\u011fa manzaralar\u0131 \u00fczerinde u\u00e7u\u015f anlam\u0131nda bush pilotluk yapmak ger\u00e7ek bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Havac\u0131l\u0131k otoritelerinin koydu\u011fu veya ticari u\u00e7u\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n belirledi\u011fi kurallar\u0131n \u00f6tesinde g\u00f6nl\u00fcnce u\u00e7up, istedi\u011fi yere inip istedi\u011fi zaman tekrar havalanan pilotlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 doyum tarifsizdir. Emir yok, kural yok, takip edilme yok, hesap verme yok\u2026 U\u00e7u\u015f sevdal\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in, zorlu manevralar yaparak u\u00e7akla oyna\u015fmak hi\u00e7 de fena de\u011fildir. Otomobil ve motorsiklet tutkunlar\u0131n\u0131n trafi\u011fe kapal\u0131 pistlerde h\u0131z ve manevra denemeleri yapmalar\u0131na benzer bir ya\u015fant\u0131d\u0131r bu\u2026 S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 zorlamak, biraz heyecan ya\u015famak ve adrenalin baz\u0131lar\u0131na iyi gelir.<\/p>\n

\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bush pilotlu\u011fun temsilcileri uzun y\u0131llar boyunca THK pilotlar\u0131 ile zirai ila\u00e7lama yapan pilotlar olmu\u015ftur. \u00dclkemizde bu i\u015fi yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve yurti\u00e7inde hakk\u0131yla yapm\u0131\u015f bir pilot var: Oben O\u011fultarhan<\/strong>. Eski\u015fehir \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc do\u011fumlu, 2 bin para\u015f\u00fct atlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 var; ABD\u2019de teknoloji m\u00fchendisli\u011fi okumu\u015f, Kazakistan ve Kam\u00e7atka Adalar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde MNG\u2019de g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f; Ay-Jet U\u00e7u\u015f Okulunda \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yapm\u0131\u015f ve sonra kendi \u015firketini (Mart\u0131 Havac\u0131l\u0131k) kurmu\u015f. ABD ve Rusya\u2019dan sonra, Bak\u00fc-Ceyhan Boru Hatt\u0131 devriye u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 \u015feklinde bush pilotluk yapm\u0131\u015f. Alt\u0131n Kanatlar Genel Havac\u0131l\u0131k Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck u\u00e7aklara \u00e2\u015f\u0131k; askeri jetlere veya b\u00fcy\u00fck yolcu u\u00e7aklar\u0131na hi\u00e7 heves etmemi\u015f. Ger\u00e7ek havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bush pilotluk oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn havada olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bug\u00fcn bush pilotluk yapan 8-10 ki\u015fi olmakla birlikte sistemin bunu \u00f6zendirmemesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e7o\u011fu bu i\u015ften vazge\u00e7mi\u015f; Oben O\u011fultarhan halen Ozan \u00c7a\u011flar ARSLAN isimli gen\u00e7 bir bush pilot yeti\u015ftirmekte. (1)<\/p>\n

\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.amatorpilot.com\/Details.aspx?id=164<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0 Stephen Irwin. \u201cAlaska officials target bush pilots\u2019 culture to reduce crashes\u201d California Aviation, 7 Sep 2004. \u00a0http:\/\/archives.californiaaviation.org\/pilot\/msg00093.html<\/span><\/a>).<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0 Mitchell K.M. The Bush Pilot Syndrome.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/www.faa.gov\/library\/online_libraries\/aerospace_medicine\/sd\/media\/mitchell.pdf<\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rlayan<\/strong>: Dr. M. \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alaska ve Kanada\u2019n\u0131n tundralar\u0131, Amerika, Rusya, Sibirya, G\u00fcney Afrika, Kenya, Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda\u2019n\u0131n vah\u015fi-\u0131ss\u0131z do\u011fas\u0131na yap\u0131lan ke\u015fif, kurtarma, av veya turistik u\u00e7u\u015flarda bir dizi zorluk ve riskler vard\u0131r. \u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00e7ok zorlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r, ayr\u0131ca vah\u015fi hayvanlar \u00e7\u0131kabilir, telsiz ve radar hizmeti al\u0131nmayabilir, bir ar\u0131za veya kaza durumunda yard\u0131m gelmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilir. B\u00fcy\u00fck u\u00e7aklar\u0131n inemedi\u011fi, havaalan\u0131, pist veya ini\u015fe elveri\u015fli d\u00fczl\u00fcklerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=248"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":272,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248\/revisions\/272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}