{"id":3751,"date":"2024-09-30T12:41:06","date_gmt":"2024-09-30T09:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=3751"},"modified":"2024-09-30T12:41:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T09:41:06","slug":"havacilikta-kotucul-ve-etik-disi-eylemler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=3751","title":{"rendered":"HAVACILIKTA K\u00d6T\u00dcC\u00dcL VE ET\u0130K DI\u015eI EYLEMLER"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yazar : Prof. Dr. Muzaffer \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Yay\u0131nlanma tarihi : 22 Aral\u0131k 2021<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/yazar\/HAVACILIKTA-KOTUCUL-VE-ETIK-DISI-EYLEMLER\/2772\/\">https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/yazar\/HAVACILIKTA-KOTUCUL-VE-ETIK-DISI-EYLEMLER\/2772\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #2e2e2e; font-family: Arial;\">Havayoluyla u\u00e7u\u015flar temelde ticari, ekonomik ve sportif y\u00f6nleri olan u\u011fra\u015f alan\u0131d\u0131r. Ama daha 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda askeri ama\u00e7larla, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n \u00fczerine bombalar atmak, onlar\u0131n u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, naif bak\u0131\u015fla havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir, ama de\u011fildir. Pasifist ideolojiler kabul etmese de, tarih boyunca \u00fclkelerini ve milletlerini savunma gereksinimiyle insanlar\u0131n ellerindeki t\u00fcm imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 seferber etmesi ahl\u00e2k d\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131k say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Etik alan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131 gereken \u015fey, hava g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn emperyal \u00e7\u0131karlar elde etmek amac\u0131yla masum insanlar\u0131n katledilmesinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn; \u201cMillet hayat\u0131 tehlikeye u\u011framad\u0131k\u00e7a harp bir cinayettir\u201d s\u00f6zleri, vatan savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan sava\u015flar\u0131 ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n da kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 mazur g\u00f6steren ve ahl\u00e2ks\u0131zl\u0131k kategorisinden \u00e7\u0131karan zihin a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 bir felsefedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131na kayd\u0131ran ciddi olaylardan baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1-Hiro\u015fima ve Nagasaki\u2019ye atom bombas\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a06 A\u011fustos 1945 g\u00fcn\u00fc Hiro\u015fima\u2019ya, 3 g\u00fcn sonra\u00a0da Nagasaki\u2019ye att\u0131\u011f\u0131 atom bombalar\u0131 ile 130 bin insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren Amerikal\u0131 pilot general Paul Tibbets d\u00fcnya tarihinde bir defada en \u00e7ok insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ki\u015fi unvan\u0131na sahipti. \u0130l\u00e2hi Komedya\u2019n\u0131n \u2018Cehennem\u2019 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne at\u0131fta bulunarak \u201cDante o g\u00fcn bizimle u\u00e7akta olsayd\u0131, deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015ferdi\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/images\/image\/20211222-etik%20(1).png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Tibbets, annesinin ad\u0131n\u0131 (Enola Gay) yazd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 B-29 bombard\u0131man u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndan att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cLittle Boy\u201d isimli 5 tonluk atom bombas\u0131 sayesinde \u201c2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n biti\u011fini, Japonya\u2019n\u0131n teslim oldu\u011funu, yoksa sava\u015f\u0131n s\u00fcrece\u011fini ve daha \u00e7ok insan\u0131n \u00f6lece\u011fini, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ahl\u00e2ken do\u011fru oldu\u011funu\u201d s\u00f6yleyerek kendisini temize \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve bu i\u015ften pi\u015fman olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hi\u00e7 de inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 gelmeyen bu \u2018bar\u0131\u015fa katk\u0131\u2019 s\u00f6ylemi ile su\u00e7a k\u0131l\u0131f bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan pilotun arkas\u0131nda, tabii ki ona bu emri veren emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/images\/image\/20211222-etik-(1).jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>2-Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld\u2019un u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi:\u00a0<\/strong>Kongo\u2019nun s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmaktan kurtulmas\u0131 ve i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Zambiya\u2019ya gitmekte olan DC-6 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Genel Sekreteri (\u0130sve\u00e7\u2019in eski d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131) Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld ve ekibi de vard\u0131. 18 Eyl\u00fcl 1961 gecesi Ndola Havaalan\u0131na ini\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kule, u\u00e7a\u011fa havada birka\u00e7 tur att\u0131rd\u0131; akabinde bir u\u00e7aktan (Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 bir askeri pilot taraf\u0131ndan) ate\u015f a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Kanad\u0131 ve pervaneleri a\u011fa\u00e7lara \u00e7arpan u\u00e7ak yere \u00e7ak\u0131ld\u0131, yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131; Genel Sekreter, di\u011fer yolcular ve u\u00e7u\u015f ekibi \u00f6ld\u00fc. Olay\u0131n kaza de\u011fil suikast oldu\u011fu; Genel Sekreterin ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerle (paral\u0131 askerler) d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin (Bel\u00e7ika, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, ABD) karma\u015f\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkileri (bak\u0131r madeni) ve bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 engelleme \u00e7abalar\u0131na kurban gitti\u011fi yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Hava trafik kay\u0131tlar\u0131 yok edilmi\u015fti. Hammarskj\u00f6ld\u2019e \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Nobel Bar\u0131\u015f \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc verildi; olay\u0131n sinema filmi \u00e7ekildi (1,2,3).<\/p>\n<p><strong>3-\u015e\u00fcpheli devlet adam\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmleri:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>-29 Mart 1959: Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kahraman\u0131 Barthelemey Boganda, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>-28 Ekim 1959: K\u00fcba Devriminin \u00fc\u00e7 numaras\u0131 Camilo Cienfuegos, Havana\u2019ya giderken Cessna-310 tipi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n denize d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu suikast\u0131n ard\u0131nda Fidel Castro\u2019nun oldu\u011funa inan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>-13 Nisan 1966: Irak Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdul Salam Arif helikopter kazas\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n<p>-30 Temmuz 1976: Madagaskar Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Joel Rakotomalala helikopter kazas\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>-4 Aral\u0131k 1980: Portekiz Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Francisco S\u00e1 Carneiro ve Savunma Bakan\u0131, Cessna 421 tipi u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n kalk\u0131\u015ftan sonra Lizbon\u2019a d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n<p>-24 May\u0131s 1981: Ekvador Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jaime Roldos ve Savunma Bakan\u0131, u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n Peru s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>-19 Ekim 1986: Mozambik Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Samora Machel, Mozambique Air\u2019e ait u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da d\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucu \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>-17 A\u011fustos 1988: Pakistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ziya-\u00fcl Hak ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fcst d\u00fczey askeri yetkili, u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131nda ya\u015fama veda etti.<\/p>\n<p>-6 Nisan 1994: Burundi ve Ruandal\u0131 Cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131 u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n<p>-26 Ocak 2004: Makedonya Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Boris Trajkovski u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131nda kurtulamad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>-10 Nisan 2010: Polonya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Lech Kaczynski\u2019nin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Smolensk havaliman\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc; Ba\u015fkan dahil 96 ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi (4).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/images\/image\/20211222-etik%20(2).jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>4-\u0130ran u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Basra K\u00f6rfezinde vurulmas\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a03 Temmuz 1988 g\u00fcn\u00fc H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinde u\u00e7an \u0130ran yolcu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ABD\u2019nin USS Vicennes gemisinden at\u0131lan SM-2 MR f\u00fczesiyle vuruldu, 290 masum insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Tahran-Dubai seferini yapan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n, radarda sald\u0131r\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 al\u00e7alan bir F-14 san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve askeri frekanstan g\u00f6nderilen mesajlara yan\u0131t vermedi\u011fi i\u00e7in vuruldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylendi. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 R.Reagan \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemedi\u011fi gibi gemi personelini \u00f6d\u00fcllendirdi. Ayr\u0131ca bu olay\u0131n Irak-\u0130ran Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131rarak, kast\u00ee vurma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ima etti. ICAO, bunun sivil telsiz kanal\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131yla ilgili oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. ABD \u0130ran\u2019a 61 milyon $ tazminat \u00f6dedi\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>5-Lockerbie sabotaj\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a021 Aral\u0131k 1988 g\u00fcn\u00fc Londra-N.York seferini yapan Pan-Am\u2019a ait\u00a0Boeing 747 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen bomban\u0131n \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019n\u0131n Lockerbie kasabas\u0131 \u00fczerinde infil\u00e2k ettirilmesiyle u\u00e7aktaki 259 ve yerdeki 11 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fc. Olay\u0131n faili olan Libya gizli servisi ajan\u0131 El Megrahi su\u00e7u ink\u00e2r etse de sonradan her \u015fey ayd\u0131nland\u0131; \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapse mahk\u00fbm edildi. Libya, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda sabotaj\u0131n gizli servisin i\u015fi oldu\u011funu kabul etti ve \u00f6lenlerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131na 2,7 milyar $ tazminat \u00f6dedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6-Hatay\u2019da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclen T\u00fcrk u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a021 Ekim 1989 g\u00fcn\u00fc Tapu Kadastro Md\u2019l\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn BN-2A\u00a0Islander tipi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, Hatay\u2019\u0131n Alt\u0131n\u00f6z\u00fc beldesi yak\u0131n\u0131nda harita foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ekimi yaparken Suriye Hava K. taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131ra 20 km mesafede vuruldu. \u00d6nleme amac\u0131yla havalanan 2 tane Mig-21 jet u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131na Suriye radar\u0131n\u0131n \u201csadece te\u015fhis i\u00e7in yak\u0131ndan u\u00e7\u201d talimat\u0131 vermesine kar\u015f\u0131n pilot ate\u015f a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f; pilotlar Faik Aytan, Talat Gencer, teknisyen Yusuf G\u00f6ren, m\u00fchendisler Selahattin \u00c7elik ve Fikri K\u00f6\u015fker d\u00fc\u015fen u\u00e7akta \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/images\/image\/20211222-etik%20(3).jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>7-E\u015fref Bitlis suikast\u0131:\u00a0<\/strong>17 \u015eubat 1993 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Jandarma Genel Komutan\u0131 Org. E\u015fref Bitlis\u2019i\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131yan Beechcraft B200 King Air tipi u\u00e7ak, Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a hareketinden 5 dakika sonra Ankara Yenimahalle\u2019de d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. E\u015fref Bitlis ile birlikte emir subay\u0131, 2 pilot ve bir teknisyen \u015fehit oldu. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n buzlanma ve pilotaj hatas\u0131 sonucu d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylendi. Y\u0131llar sonra buzlanma, motor ar\u0131zas\u0131 ya da pilotaj hatas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Gelece\u011fin Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Org. E\u015fref Bitlis, \u0130ncirlik \u00dcss\u00fc\u2019nden kalkan ABD u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n PKK\u2019ya yard\u0131m da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, finansman\u0131n \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya\u2019dan geldi\u011fini, Kuzey Irak\u2019ta bir K\u00fcrt Devleti kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00c7eki\u00e7 G\u00fc\u00e7\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Bu nedenle ABD B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 defa h\u00fck\u00fcmete \u015fik\u00e2yet edilmi\u015fti. Olay, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n motoruna yap\u0131lan bir m\u00fcdahale ile kaza s\u00fcs\u00fc verilmi\u015f teknik bir suikastti. Bu, sonradan Gn.Kur. \u0130stihbarat D.B\u015fk. olan Korg. \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Pekin taraf\u0131ndan da teyid edildi. Bilirki\u015finin buzlanma karar\u0131yla kapat\u0131lan dosya, medya ve vatansever ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan unutturulmad\u0131, konuyla ilgili kitaplar yaz\u0131ld\u0131 (5,6).<\/p>\n<p><strong>8-\u0130kiz Kulelere sald\u0131r\u0131:\u00a0<\/strong>11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001 tarihinde ABD, u\u00e7aklar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ahl\u00e2k d\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz kald\u0131. N.York\u2019daki \u0130kiz Kulelere yap\u0131lan ve 3 binden fazla masum insan\u0131n yanarak \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7an sald\u0131r\u0131, \u00fcretilen baz\u0131 komplo teorilerine g\u00f6re ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019a sald\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir senaryo idi. Ama bunun El-Kaide \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn bir ter\u00f6r eylemi oldu\u011fu kesinlik kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/images\/image\/20211222-etik%20(4).jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>9-Guantanamo esirlerine u\u00e7akta i\u015fkence:<\/strong>\u00a0U\u00e7aklar\u0131n etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rne\u011fi,\u00a0CIA\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esirleri, Guantanamo\u2019daki (K\u00fcba) Amerikan \u00dcss\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7aklarda i\u015fkence yap\u0131lmas\u0131 idi. 2002-2007 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130ncirlik \u00dcss\u00fc ile Guantanamo aras\u0131nda \u0130talya aktarmal\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flarda toplam 24 sefer yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0130spanyol askeri hava alanlar\u0131n\u0131n 25 kez kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10-Ukrayna\u2019da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclen Malezya u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131:\u00a0<\/strong>Malezya Havayollar\u0131na ait Boeing 777 tipi MH17\u00a0sefer say\u0131l\u0131 u\u00e7ak, 17 Temmuz 2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc Amsterdam-Kuala Lumpur seferini yaparken Ukrayna \u00fczerinde infil\u00e2k etti. 15 m\u00fcrettebat ve 283 yolcu (toplam 298 insan) \u00f6ld\u00fc. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yerden ate\u015flenen f\u00fcze ile vuruldu\u011fu; emri verenin Rusya Federasyonu Ordu \u0130stihbarat Servisinden emekli Donetzk Cumhuriyeti Savunma Bakan\u0131 Yrb. \u0130gor Girkin (Strelkov) oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131. F\u00fcze rampalar\u0131 Rusya\u2019ya ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131; enkaz \u00fczerinde inceleme yapmak isteyen Avrupal\u0131 g\u00f6zlemcilere f\u0131rsat verilmedi\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>11-Siber sald\u0131r\u0131lar:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli ki\u015filerin (hacker) bilgisayar a\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan banka\u00a0hesaplar\u0131na girerek para aktarmak, s\u0131nav sorular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almak, vir\u00fcs g\u00f6ndermek gibi yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015fler yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bilinir. Daha \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde kurulu\u015flar ve devletler, istihbarat a\u011flar\u0131na girip gizli bilgileri toplamak, \u015fehirlerin telekom\u00fcnikasyon, enerji ve su sistemlerini bozmak, panik yaratacak yalan haberler ve aldat\u0131c\u0131 mesajlar g\u00f6ndermek, finansal dengeleri bozmak gibi karanl\u0131k i\u015fler yapar. Havac\u0131l\u0131kta ise askeri ve sivil u\u00e7aklar\u0131n elektronik (kumanda, ate\u015fleme, navigasyon) sistemlerini kilitlemek, hava trafik sistemlerini devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak gibi siber sava\u015f y\u00f6ntemleri de uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rnek olaylardan biri, 2004 y\u0131l\u0131nda Delta Airlines\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn elektronik sistemlerinin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ve onlarca u\u00e7u\u015fun iptal olmas\u0131yd\u0131; faili yakalanan olay\u0131n maliyeti 500 milyon $ oldu. 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda FAA\u2019in Alaska\u2019daki hava kontrol sistemi \u00e7\u00f6kertildi. 2008\u2019de SpanAir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 kalk\u0131\u015ftan sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc (154 \u00f6l\u00fc). 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Atat\u00fcrk ve Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en Havaalanlar\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f hatlar pasaport kontrol sistemleri hack\u2019lendi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok say\u0131da u\u00e7u\u015f ertelendi\u2026 10 Aral\u0131k 2014 g\u00fcn\u00fc siber tehditlere y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nleme ve stratejiler belirlemek amac\u0131yla Montreal\u2019de yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131ya ICAO, IATA ve di\u011fer ilgili kurulu\u015flar kat\u0131ld\u0131 (7).<\/p>\n<p><strong>12-Uzay havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n karanl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc:<\/strong>\u00a0Uzay\u0131n ke\u015ffi, derin uzaydan gelecek sald\u0131r\u0131lara \u00f6nlem,\u00a0meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131 engelleme ve D\u00fcnya\u2019dan ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131 olu\u015fturma gibi makul (!) gerek\u00e7elerin arkas\u0131nda; psikopolitik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurma, uzaydan g\u00f6zetleme, sald\u0131r\u0131, hedef b\u00f6lgelerde deprem tetikleme (HAARP) gibi kirli ama\u00e7lar olabilir. Bill Gates\u2019in uyar\u0131s\u0131 \u201cNiye uzay? D\u00fcnyada yap\u0131lacak \u00e7ok i\u015f var\u201d idi. Ama Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk ve di\u011fer havac\u0131 milyarderlerin motivasyonu, \u2018Buralar\u0131 t\u00fckettik; biraz da uzayda ticaret yapal\u0131m\u2019 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmekte. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evre, g\u0131da, a\u00e7l\u0131k, salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlar\u0131 varken, uzay turizmine milyarlarca dolar harcanmakta olmas\u0131 da etik de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>13-Yolcular\u0131n havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 suistimali:\u00a0<\/strong>Havaalanlar\u0131na giri\u015ften itibaren ba\u015flayan s\u0131k\u0131 fiziki\u00a0kontroller, x-ray cihaz\u0131ndan ge\u00e7me, t\u0131rnak makas\u0131 ve su \u015fi\u015felerini bile b\u0131rakt\u0131rma gibi g\u00fcvenlik prosed\u00fcrleri bezdiricidir. Ama bunun nedeninin k\u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fcl yolcular oldu\u011funu herkes bildi\u011fi i\u00e7in tahamm\u00fcl g\u00f6sterir. Patlay\u0131c\u0131, yan\u0131c\u0131 ve toksik maddeler; kesici, delici alet ve silahlarla u\u00e7a\u011fa binmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerin iyi niyetli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bellidir. U\u00e7aklar\u0131n silah ve uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili Bolivya\u2019dan Pablo Escobar\u2019l\u0131 hik\u00e2yeler; siyasi mesaj ama\u00e7l\u0131 u\u00e7ak ka\u00e7\u0131rma ve sabotaj olaylar\u0131 da vard\u0131r ve sinema filmlerine konu olmu\u015ftur. Ter\u00f6rist eylemleri u\u00e7aklar \u00fczerinden yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden naif insanlar s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015far veya \u00f6lebilir. U\u00e7aklar\u0131n etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fi de havada seks fantezisi olan yolcular\u0131n kurald\u0131\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 k\u0131smen de olsa insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na havale edilmi\u015ftir. Paparazzi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sabotajlara, uyu\u015fturucu ve silah ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kirli i\u015f art\u0131k drone\u2019larla yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ve kontrol\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 olan bu olaylar gelecekte daha da \u00e7e\u015fitlenecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Negroni C. Kaza Dedektifleri. \u00c7eviri: \u015eenay D. Kuzu. Panama Yay. Ankara, 2018. s. 109-18.<\/p>\n<p>2. <a href=\"http:\/\/haber.sol.org.tr\/dunyadan\/buyuk-ifsaat-bm-genel-sekreterinin-olduruldugu-ortaya-cikti-haberi-45599\">http:\/\/haber.sol.org.tr\/dunyadan\/buyuk-ifsaat-bm-genel-sekreterinin-olduruldugu-ortaya-cikti-haberi-45599<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3. Fatih Y\u0131lmaz. 58 y\u0131ll\u0131k u\u00e7ak kazas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131r perdesi araland\u0131. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kokpit.aero\/bm-ucak-kazasi-gizem\">http:\/\/www.kokpit.aero\/bm-ucak-kazasi-gizem<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. U\u00e7ak ve helikopter kazalar\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden \u00fcnl\u00fc isimler. Birg\u00fcn Gazetesi, (28.1.2020).<\/p>\n<p>5. Erkan Macit. E\u015fref Bitlis suikasti. \u00d6nce Vatan Gazetesi, (17.1.2019). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oncevatan.com.tr\/esref-bitlis-suikasti-makale,43635.html\">https:\/\/www.oncevatan.com.tr\/esref-bitlis-suikasti-makale,43635.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>6. Ercan Dolap\u00e7\u0131. Kanl\u0131 suikast\u0131n \u00fczerinden 26 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti! Org. Bitlis neden hedefe kondu? (Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, 16.2.2019) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aydinlik.com.tr\/kanli-suikastin-uzerinden-26-yil-gecti-org-bitlis-neden-hedefe-kondu-ozgurluk-meydani-subat-2019-3\">https:\/\/www.aydinlik.com.tr\/kanli-suikastin-uzerinden-26-yil-gecti-org-bitlis-neden-hedefe-kondu-ozgurluk-meydani-subat-2019-3<\/a><\/p>\n<p>7. Akkutay A\u0130. Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa Y\u00f6nelik Ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Siber Sald\u0131r\u0131lar: Uygulanacak Uluslararas\u0131 Hukuk Kurallar\u0131, Yetki ve Sorumluluk. T\u00fcrkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi. 2017;32: 151-96.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yazar : Prof. Dr. Muzaffer \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7 Yay\u0131nlanma tarihi : 22 Aral\u0131k 2021 https:\/\/www.airkule.com\/yazar\/HAVACILIKTA-KOTUCUL-VE-ETIK-DISI-EYLEMLER\/2772\/ Havayoluyla u\u00e7u\u015flar temelde ticari, ekonomik ve sportif y\u00f6nleri olan u\u011fra\u015f alan\u0131d\u0131r. Ama daha 1. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda askeri ama\u00e7larla, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n \u00fczerine bombalar atmak, onlar\u0131n u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, naif bak\u0131\u015fla havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n etik d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir, ama de\u011fildir. Pasifist ideolojiler kabul etmese de, tarih boyunca \u00fclkelerini ve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3751"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3752,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions\/3752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}