{"id":410,"date":"2012-07-08T11:58:46","date_gmt":"2012-07-08T08:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=410"},"modified":"2012-07-08T11:58:46","modified_gmt":"2012-07-08T08:58:46","slug":"obstruktif-uyku-apnesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=410","title":{"rendered":"Obstr\u00fcktif uyku apnesi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\"<\/a>Uykusuzluk ve yorgunluk, pilot performans\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Uyku apnesi<\/strong>, uyku s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki solunum duraklamalar\u0131 ya da hipoksiden kaynaklanan ve uyku d\u00fczeninin bozulmas\u0131na sebep olan \u00f6nemli bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Uyku apnesi uykuda hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en az 10 saniye s\u00fcreyle normal de\u011ferinin\u00a0%20\u2019sine ve daha alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesi ile tan\u0131mlanabilir. Uykudaki solunum duraklamalar\u0131 sonucunda kandaki oksijen miktar\u0131 azal\u0131r ve karbondioksit artar. Y\u00fcksek tansiyon, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc horlama, yorgunluk, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sinirlilik, depresyon, unutkanl\u0131k, konsantrasyon bozuklu\u011fu, sabah ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kontrol edilemeyen \u015fi\u015fmanlama, uykuda terleme, s\u0131k idrara \u00e7\u0131kma, mide yanmas\u0131 gibi sorunlar uyku apnesinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seviyesine g\u00f6re bu sorunlar\u0131n biri, birka\u00e7\u0131 veya hepsi birden g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu obstr\u00fcktif uyku apnesi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Tan\u0131:<\/strong> KBB muayenesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, di\u015fhekimi muayenesi; sefalometrik r\u00f6ntgenlerin incelenmesi ve a\u011f\u0131zi\u00e7i bulgular\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Tedavi<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u00d6ncelikle ki\u015filerin al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi hedeflenmelidir. \u015ei\u015fman ki\u015filerin zay\u0131flat\u0131lmas\u0131, sigara-alkol kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131, uyku pozisyonunun d\u00fczenlenmesi \u00f6nerilmelidir. CPAP<\/strong> (sipap), yani \u201cnasal s\u00fcrekli pozitif havayolu bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/strong>\u201d tedavide en s\u0131k ba\u015fvurulan y\u00f6ntemdir. Bununla birlikte anatomik obstr\u00fcksiyon varsa d\u00fczeltici cerrahi tedaviler uygulanmas\u0131 hekim taraf\u0131ndan gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerinden biri de, bireye \u00f6zg\u00fc haz\u0131rlanan a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i ara\u00e7lar\u0131n<\/strong> kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Mandibuler repozisyon, dil sabitleyici, yumu\u015fak damak y\u00fckseltici veya dil bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 olmak \u00fczere a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7inden uygulanan bu ayg\u0131tlar sadece uyku s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar. Dili veya mandibulay\u0131 anteriorda konumland\u0131rarak solunum yolunu geni\u015fleten bu y\u00f6ntemlerin \u00fcst solunum yolu kas ton\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca orofarinks ve hipofarinks d\u00fczeyinde engelleme sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bu ayg\u0131tlara baz\u0131 durumlarda pozitif hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 veren cihazlar il\u00e2ve edilebilir. CPAP ile kombine ayg\u0131tlar – Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava do\u011frudan a\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7ine iletilir, head gear ve nasal maske kullan\u0131m\u0131 engellenir, hava s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ve klostrofobi eliminasyonu sa\u011flan\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131z i\u00e7i ayg\u0131tlar, horlama ile birlikte primer obstr\u00fcktif uyku apnesinin tespit edildi\u011fi; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck derecede oksijen sat\u00fcrasyonuna ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck apne frekans\u0131na sahip; CPAP tedavisini veya cerrahi tedaviyi reddeden hastalarda endikedir.<\/p>\n

Uyku apnesinin sebebi alt \u00e7enenin geride konumlanmas\u0131 ise, ortodonti uzman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan uygulanacak tedavi ile alt \u00e7enenin konumu d\u00fczeltilerek yeti\u015fkinlerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 elde edilebilir. Bu durumun \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda fark edilmesi \u00e7ocu\u011fun ileride uyku apnesine yakalanma riskini de ortadan kald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Havac\u0131l\u0131k t\u0131bb\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uyku apnesi<\/strong>:<\/strong> Uluslararas\u0131 Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131k T\u0131bb\u0131 Komitesi, \u015fiddetli uyku apnesinin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc pilotlar\u0131n u\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. G\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yorgunluk ve \u015fiddetli kognitif bozukluk gibi u\u00e7u\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tehlikeye atacak semptomlar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 nedeniyle ancak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir tedavi sonras\u0131nda pilotun g\u00f6revine geri d\u00f6nebilece\u011fi kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rlayan<\/strong>:<\/strong> Dt. Esra Y\u00fcce (Isparta)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uykusuzluk ve yorgunluk, pilot performans\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Uyku apnesi, uyku s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki solunum duraklamalar\u0131 ya da hipoksiden kaynaklanan ve uyku d\u00fczeninin bozulmas\u0131na sebep olan \u00f6nemli bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Uyku apnesi uykuda hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en az 10 saniye s\u00fcreyle normal de\u011ferinin\u00a0%20\u2019sine ve daha alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesi ile tan\u0131mlanabilir. Uykudaki solunum duraklamalar\u0131 sonucunda kandaki oksijen miktar\u0131 azal\u0131r ve karbondioksit artar. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=410"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":412,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/410\/revisions\/412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}