{"id":627,"date":"2012-07-21T12:53:58","date_gmt":"2012-07-21T09:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=627"},"modified":"2012-07-21T12:53:58","modified_gmt":"2012-07-21T09:53:58","slug":"ucuculukta-renk-gorme-bozuklugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=627","title":{"rendered":"U\u00e7uculukta Renk G\u00f6rme Bozuklu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\"<\/a>26 Temmuz 2002 tarihli Fedex kazas\u0131nda Ulusal Nakliyat G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu, yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturma sonucunda pilotun renk g\u00f6rme kusurunun kazada pay\u0131 oldu\u011funu tespit etti. Renk g\u00f6rme kusuru dolay\u0131s\u0131yla pilot \u201cPAPI\u201d \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n renklerini yorumlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kaza bir u\u00e7ucuyu u\u00e7u\u015ftan engelleyecek renk g\u00f6rme anomalisinin derecesinin ne oldu\u011funu kesin saptayacak testler konusundaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur (1).<\/p>\n

Diskromatopsi, renkli sinyal \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 ve di\u011fer renk kodlar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt etme kabiliyetinin \u00e7e\u015fitli derecelerde bozuklu\u011fudur ve modern havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan beri u\u00e7ucular i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu\u015ftan renk k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oranlar\u0131 erkeklerde %8, kad\u0131nlarda %0.5\u2019dir (2).<\/p>\n

Bilgisayar teknolojisindeki geli\u015fmeler, g\u00f6sterge \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131, kokpitlerin \u00e7ok renkli donan\u0131m\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. U\u00e7u\u015fa ait t\u00fcm elektronik bilgilendirme sistemlerinin kokpitte yer almas\u0131 nedeniyle kritik bir g\u00f6revde u\u00e7u\u015f sistemlerinden gelen verilerin u\u00e7u\u015f ekibi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7abuk alg\u0131lanmas\u0131, kritik durumlarda do\u011fru ve h\u0131zl\u0131 karar verilebilmesi, haritalar\u0131n do\u011fru okunabilmesi ve \u00fcst y\u00f6netimlere h\u0131zl\u0131 bilgi transferi i\u00e7in pilotun renk g\u00f6rme kusurunun olmamas\u0131 gerekir (3).<\/p>\n

ICAO renk g\u00f6rme standartlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015ftir. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren ABD Hava Kuvvetleri pilotlar\u0131 PIP1 ve PIP2 testine tabidirler; bu testlerde ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olurlarsa daha ileri tetkiklerle renk g\u00f6rme kusurunun tipi ve dereceleri belirlenir (3). 1998\u2019den \u00f6nce temel olarak kullan\u0131lan Farnsworth Lantern (FALANT) veya geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f modeli Optec 900 de g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi kabul edilen testlerdir. Amerikan Hava Uzay T\u0131bb\u0131 Merkezi\u2019nin en \u00e7ok kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 test Pseudo Isochromatic Plate (PIP)\u2019dir. Buna ra\u011fmen Amerikan Hava, Kara, Deniz Kuvvetleri ve FAA renk g\u00f6rme testlerinin en g\u00fcvenli olan\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in tart\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc renk g\u00f6rme testleri tek bir standarda ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir (4,5,6). Bir testte ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k olursa di\u011ferinin de tekrarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Di\u011ferlerinde de ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olunursa Havac\u0131l\u0131k T\u0131bb\u0131 Muayene Merkezi \u015fu notu koymak zorundad\u0131r;\u2019Gece u\u00e7u\u015funa uygun de\u011fildir veya renkli \u0131\u015f\u0131k sinyali takibi gereken yerlerde u\u00e7amaz\u2019<\/em>.Yasa\u011f\u0131n kalkmas\u0131 i\u00e7in FAA I\u015f\u0131k Sinyal Testi (SLT) yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. E\u011fer havac\u0131 bu testi ge\u00e7erse, gerekli renkleri (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131-beyaz-ye\u015fil) alg\u0131lama konusundaki standartlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada; SLT\u2019yi ba\u015far\u0131yla ge\u00e7en 274 1.s\u0131n\u0131f, 133 2.s\u0131n\u0131f, 217 3.s\u0131n\u0131f u\u00e7ucuda renk g\u00f6rmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 kaza bildirilmemi\u015ftir (7). 1982-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada da, 100 bin saatlik u\u00e7u\u015fta g\u00f6rme yetmezli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 kaza oran\u0131 0.001, renk g\u00f6rme anomalisine ba\u011fl\u0131 kaza oran\u0131 0.0005 bulunmu\u015ftur (8). Son derece nadir oranda olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Ulusal Havac\u0131l\u0131k Kurulu pilotlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in renk g\u00f6rme testlerine \u00f6nem vermektedir.
\nKaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Cole BL, Lian YL, Lakkis C. Color vision assessment: fail rates of two versions of the Farnsworth Lantern
\ntest. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006;77:624-30<\/p>\n

2. Delpero WT. Insights into the prevalance incidence of congenital and acquired color vision deficiency. 76th
\nAnnual AsMA Scientific Meeting (2005) Abs.# 302<\/p>\n

3. Ivan DJ.Gooch J, Rabin J, Kurz C et al. Retesting color vision in trained USAF aircrew. 77th Annual AsMA
\nScientific Meeting (2006) Abs.# 339<\/p>\n

4. Vansyoc D, Silberman WS. Color vision in US aviation. 75th Annual AsMA Scientific Meeting (2004) Abs.#
\n448<\/p>\n

5. Evans AD, Squire T, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Barbur JL. JAR- A compar\u0131son of accepted color vision test.
\n76th Annual AsMA Scientific Meeting (2005) Abs.# 325<\/p>\n

6. Ivan D. USAF color vision testing methodology past & present. 76th Annual AsMA Scientific Meeting (2005)
\nAbs.# 305<\/p>\n

7. Silberman WS. TheFAA\u2019s medical certification management of color deficient airmen. 75th Annual AsMA
\nScientific Meeting (2004) Abs.# 450<\/p>\n

8. Dejohn C, Larcher J. Color vision accidents and incidents during Part 121 and 135 operations: 1982-2002.
\n76th Annual AsMA Scientific Meeting (2005) Abs.# 153<\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rlayan :<\/strong> Op. Dr. G\u00fclter \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7 (G\u00f6z Hast. Uzm. Eski\u015fehir)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

26 Temmuz 2002 tarihli Fedex kazas\u0131nda Ulusal Nakliyat G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu, yap\u0131lan soru\u015fturma sonucunda pilotun renk g\u00f6rme kusurunun kazada pay\u0131 oldu\u011funu tespit etti. Renk g\u00f6rme kusuru dolay\u0131s\u0131yla pilot \u201cPAPI\u201d \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n renklerini yorumlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kaza bir u\u00e7ucuyu u\u00e7u\u015ftan engelleyecek renk g\u00f6rme anomalisinin derecesinin ne oldu\u011funu kesin saptayacak testler konusundaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur (1). Diskromatopsi, renkli sinyal \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 ve di\u011fer renk kodlar\u0131n\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=627"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":629,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/627\/revisions\/629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}