{"id":827,"date":"2012-08-05T22:03:18","date_gmt":"2012-08-05T19:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=827"},"modified":"2012-08-05T22:03:18","modified_gmt":"2012-08-05T19:03:18","slug":"kahramanmaras-helikopter-kazasi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=827","title":{"rendered":"Kahramanmara\u015f Helikopter Kazas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>25 Mart 2009 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 16 civar\u0131nda Kahramanmara\u015f\u2019\u0131n G\u00f6ksun il\u00e7esi \u00c7ardak beldesinde (Ke\u015f Da\u011f\u0131, Kanl\u0131\u00e7ukur mevkii) Esas Holding\u2019in (Med Air \u015eirketine ait) Bell 206 L-4 tipi helikopteri sisli ve tipili bir havada d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. BBP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Muhsin Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu ve pilot Kaya \u0130stektepe d\u00e2hil 6 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi kazan\u0131n olu\u015f nedeni hakk\u0131nda hen\u00fcz kesin bilgi elde edilemedi; yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel medyada arama-kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki zafiyetler konu\u015fuldu. Kazadan hemen sonra baca\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k olarak cep telefonu ile 112 Acil\u2019i arayan gazeteci \u0130smail G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in konu\u015ftu\u011fu hem\u015firenin yer tespitinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve telefonun pili bitinceye kadar \u0130. G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019i gereksiz konu\u015fturdu\u011fu; 3 bin ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen aramalar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmay\u0131p, donmu\u015f cesetlerin 47 saat sonra k\u00f6yl\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan bulundu\u011fu; helikopterdeki yer tespitini sa\u011flayan ELT (Emergency Locater Transmitter) cihaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2026 \u00fczerinde yorumlar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Airporthaber\u2019den Sefa \u0130nan, \u201cBrietling marka kol saatlerinde bile ELT varken koskoca helikopterde olmamas\u0131-\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7\u2026\u201d dedi. Havayolu Pilotlar\u0131 Derne\u011fi kurucu \u00fcyesi Fevzi Alt\u0131nbulak, kazalar\u0131n nedeninin T\u00fcrk sivil havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netenlerin ehil ki\u015filer olmamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131yarak, \u201ckaza k\u0131r\u0131m heyetinin ka\u00e7 tanesi kurs g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f? Soru\u015fturma Kurulu ba\u015fkan\u0131, kimya m\u00fchendisi\u2026 Ula\u015ft\u0131rma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kurtarma ekibi mevcut de\u011fil, AKUT\u2019tan yard\u0131m bekliyorlar\u2026\u201d dedi. \u0130zmir Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcr Yrd. ve 112 Ege B\u00f6lge Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. M. Turhan Sofuo\u011flu, da\u011fc\u0131lar\u0131n bile yanlar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 GPS cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n bu u\u00e7u\u015flar s\u0131ras\u0131nda helikopterde neden bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, helikopterin o hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda niye u\u00e7tu\u011fu sorular\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti. Telekom ise, baz istasyonu sinyallerinin da\u011fl\u0131k arazide yans\u0131ma yan\u0131ltmas\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in lokalizasyon yapma zorlu\u011fu ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Pilotun \u00e7ok deneyimli oldu\u011fu, ancak b\u00f6yle bir havada buzlanman\u0131n helikopteri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylendi. Sabotaj iddialar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Milliyet\u2019te Melih A\u015f\u0131k \u201cG\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kaza\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 att\u0131; Posta gazetesi yazar\u0131 Tolga Canda\u015f \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck alaturkal\u0131k\u201d ifadesi kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Havac\u0131l\u0131k T\u0131bb\u0131 Derne\u011fi Yorumu:<\/strong> 31 Ocak g\u00fcn\u00fc Bolu Da\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fen ambulans helikopter gibi, Medair helikopteri de sis ve tipi i\u00e7inde u\u00e7makta idi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla pilot d\u0131\u015far\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6remiyordu. Bu tip u\u00e7u\u015flarda buzlanma kadar, vertigo da kaza nedeni olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Pilotun u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n pozisyonunu do\u011fru alg\u0131layabilmesini sa\u011flayan 3 referans\u0131 vard\u0131r: D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, vestib\u00fcl ve u\u00e7u\u015f aletleri. Bunlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlisi d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f; en \u00e7ok yan\u0131ltan\u0131 vestib\u00fcl; en g\u00fcvenilir olan\u0131 ise u\u00e7u\u015f aletleridir. Pilot d\u0131\u015far\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6rme imk\u00e2n\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece genellikle u\u00e7u\u015fu do\u011fru alg\u0131lar, do\u011fru da y\u00f6netebilir. D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f yoksa (gece, sis); ya da d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f k\u0131smen var ama a\u011fa\u00e7-ev-kayal\u0131k gibi referanslar\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, her taraf\u0131n bembeyaz olup yerin-g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 karl\u0131 arazilerde (kel tepeler), mesafe alg\u0131s\u0131 da bozulur, oryantasyonu sa\u011flamak \u00e7ok zorla\u015f\u0131r; vertigo olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artar. Ayr\u0131ca i\u00e7kulakta bulunan vestib\u00fcler denge sistemi, baz\u0131 sert u\u00e7u\u015f hareketleri veya ters ba\u015f \u00e7evirmeleri yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dengesini kaybederek, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n pozisyonunu yanl\u0131\u015f alg\u0131lamaya ve pilota hatal\u0131 mesajlar g\u00f6ndermeye ba\u015flar. Pilot d\u00fcz u\u00e7tu\u011fu halde dal\u0131\u015fta, t\u0131rman\u0131\u015fta veya yat\u0131\u015fta oldu\u011funu hissedebilir; bu yanl\u0131\u015f hisse (il\u00fczyon) dayanarak verdi\u011fi \u201cd\u00fczeltici!\u201d kumandalar ise bir kazan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olur\u2026 Helikopter gibi dar bir kabinde di\u011fer ki\u015filerin tel\u00e2\u015f\u0131, pani\u011fi ve konsantrasyon bozucu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 da eklendi\u011finde durum muhakemesinin (fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n) kayb\u0131 kolayla\u015f\u0131r; vertigonun \u00fczerine binen LSA (Loss of Situational Awareness) sonucu kaza olu\u015fumu h\u0131zlanabilir.<\/p>\n

Vertigodan kurtulman\u0131n tek yolu e\u011fitimli olmakt\u0131r. E\u011fer pilot vertigoyu teorik olarak iyi biliyorsa, uygulamal\u0131 e\u011fitimini alm\u0131\u015f ve bu deneyimi ger\u00e7ek u\u00e7u\u015fta da bizzat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fsa, bu his yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmak i\u00e7in kendisiyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girebilir. Yanl\u0131\u015f vestib\u00fcler mesajlar\u0131 yenmek i\u00e7in, bunun bir his yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu kendisine kuvvetle telkin etmesi, di\u011fer taraftan da alet u\u00e7u\u015funa (IFR) ge\u00e7mesi gerekir. T\u00fcm TSK pilotlar\u0131 5 y\u0131lda bir vertigo sim\u00fclasyonu yapan bir cihazda bu e\u011fitimi al\u0131rlar; ayr\u0131ca konu teorik olarak da tazeleme e\u011fitimi bi\u00e7iminde verilir. FAA de, sivil havac\u0131l\u0131k pilotlar\u0131ndan gerekenlere bu uygulamal\u0131 e\u011fitimi Oklahoma\u2019daki CAMI tesislerinde vermektedir. \u00dclkemizde sivil pilotlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bu t\u00fcr fizyolojik e\u011fitimlere hi\u00e7 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 yokmu\u015f varsay\u0131lmas\u0131, sivil havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n zafiyetlerinden birisidir. Tecr\u00fcbeli pilotlar, hatt\u00e2 ku\u015flar bile g\u00f6rsel referanslardan yoksun kal\u0131rlarsa disoryante olabilir, emniyetli u\u00e7amazlar. D\u00fcnyada genel havac\u0131l\u0131k kazalar\u0131n\u0131n %6-8’i vertigo nedeniyle olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u00e7. Dr. Muzaffer \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

25 Mart 2009 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 16 civar\u0131nda Kahramanmara\u015f\u2019\u0131n G\u00f6ksun il\u00e7esi \u00c7ardak beldesinde (Ke\u015f Da\u011f\u0131, Kanl\u0131\u00e7ukur mevkii) Esas Holding\u2019in (Med Air \u015eirketine ait) Bell 206 L-4 tipi helikopteri sisli ve tipili bir havada d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. BBP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Muhsin Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu ve pilot Kaya \u0130stektepe d\u00e2hil 6 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi kazan\u0131n olu\u015f nedeni hakk\u0131nda hen\u00fcz kesin bilgi elde edilemedi; yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel medyada […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-turkucakkazalari"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=827"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":829,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/827\/revisions\/829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}