{"id":910,"date":"2012-08-09T12:11:35","date_gmt":"2012-08-09T09:11:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=910"},"modified":"2012-08-09T12:11:35","modified_gmt":"2012-08-09T09:11:35","slug":"havacilikta-gizli-tehlike-karbonmonoksit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=910","title":{"rendered":"Havac\u0131l\u0131kta gizli tehlike karbonmonoksit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\"<\/a>CO zehirlenmesi, nadiren de olsa pilot, m\u00fcrettebat ve yolcu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerine neden olabilecek kadar ciddi bir sorundur. Havac\u0131l\u0131kta CO, u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda karbon ta\u015f\u0131yan materyellerin tam olarak yanmamas\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. En y\u00fcksek seviyede CO olu\u015fturan motorlar t\u00fcrb\u00fcnl\u00fc motorlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Renksiz ve kokusuz bir gaz olan CO\u2019dan ki\u015fisel olarak, egzos ve benzeri gazlar\u0131 solumaktan uzak durarak ka\u00e7abiliriz, ama problem bilmedi\u011fimiz ve \u201csorun olu\u015fturmaz\u201d sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gazlardaki CO\u2019ya maruz kalmad\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar \u00e7evre kirlili\u011finden %3-10 civar\u0131nda CO kontaminasyonuna maruz kalmaktad\u0131r. Sigara i\u00e7enlerde bu oran %7-10\u2019dur. Baz\u0131 i\u015fkollar\u0131nda (d\u00f6k\u00fcmc\u00fc, kaynak\u00e7\u0131, itfaiyeci vb.) oranlar daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

CO, ki\u015fiyi konf\u00fczyona ve inkapasitasyona kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilir. E\u011fer u\u00e7akta olursa bu durum ciddi kazalara yol a\u00e7ma potonsiyelindedir. \u00d6l\u00fcml\u00fc u\u00e7ak kazalar\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir kontaminasyonun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ciddi \u015fekilde ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir durum varsa, u\u00e7akta bulunan ki\u015filerin ne kadar s\u00fcre CO etkisi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r; ancak bunun tespiti zordur, zira bu nedene ba\u011fl\u0131 kazalar olsa bile bug\u00fcne kadar rapor edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

CO, hemoglobine oksijene g\u00f6re 240 kez daha fazla bir afinite ile ba\u011flan\u0131r. Karboksi-hemoglobin (CO ile ba\u011flanan Hb), dola\u015f\u0131ma girdi\u011finde do\u011fal olarak hipoksi olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. Bu durum, mekanizma farkl\u0131 da olsa irtifa hipoksisine benzer semptomlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, tabii sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da benzerdir. M\u00fcrettebat\u0131n bulant\u0131, kusma, ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve halsizlik gibi \u015fikayetleri CO zehirlenmesini akla getirmelidir. Zehirlenme belirtileri kandaki CO konsantrasyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n

% CO (Kanda) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Belirtiler <\/strong>
\n< 10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Yok<\/p>\n

10-20 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Orta \u015fiddette ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015fd\u00f6nmesi, halsizlik<\/p>\n

21-30 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, s\u0131k solunum, uyu\u015fukluk, uyuklama<\/p>\n

31-40 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yarg\u0131lama i\u015flevi yoklu\u011fu, s\u0131k ve y\u00fczeyel solunum, uyuklama, bulan\u0131k g\u00f6rme<\/p>\n

41-50 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zonklay\u0131c\u0131 ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, konf\u00fczyon, \u00e7ok s\u0131k solunum, uyuklama, bulan\u0131k g\u00f6rme art\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

> 51 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcm olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00d6nlemler :<\/strong><\/p>\n

U\u00e7ucular CO zehirlenmesinin ne oldu\u011funu ve belirtilerini \u00e7ok iyi bilmelidirler. U\u00e7u\u015fta b\u00f6yle bir durumla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle kabin \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 kapat\u0131lmal\u0131, havaland\u0131rma max. yap\u0131lmal\u0131, ilave oksijen kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Maske kullan\u0131m\u0131 CO al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 minimale d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek bir \u00f6nlemdir. Kule yard\u0131m\u0131yla en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede en yak\u0131n meydana ini\u015f planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yere inildi\u011finde yap\u0131lacak ilk i\u015f, detayl\u0131 bir t\u0131bbi de\u011ferlendirme, ne miktar ve ne s\u00fcreyle maruz kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, CO toksisitesinin d\u00fczeyine g\u00f6re yo\u011fun tedaviye ba\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. U\u00e7ak teknik uzmanlarca kontrol edilmeli, ka\u00e7ak olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli ve pratik \u00f6nlem CO\u2019ya maruz kalmamakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle ka\u00e7ak olu\u015fturabilecek \u0131s\u0131tma ve egzos sistemlerinin teknik ekip taraf\u0131ndan her u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesinde dikkatli bi\u00e7imde bak\u0131m ve kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn yap\u0131lmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu ve benzeri risklerin birinci sorumlusu, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sevk idaresinden sorumlu ki\u015filer, \u00f6zellikle de kaptan pilottur.<\/p>\n

Kaynak :<\/strong> G.J. Salazar, MD. Carbon Monoxide: A Hidden Danger in General Aviation. Federal Air Surgeon\u2019s Medical Bulletin. Vol. 42, No.1: 12-13, 2004<\/p>\n

Terc\u00fcme :<\/strong> Dr. Abdullah \u00d6ks\u00fcz<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CO zehirlenmesi, nadiren de olsa pilot, m\u00fcrettebat ve yolcu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerine neden olabilecek kadar ciddi bir sorundur. Havac\u0131l\u0131kta CO, u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda karbon ta\u015f\u0131yan materyellerin tam olarak yanmamas\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. En y\u00fcksek seviyede CO olu\u015fturan motorlar t\u00fcrb\u00fcnl\u00fc motorlard\u0131r. Renksiz ve kokusuz bir gaz olan CO\u2019dan ki\u015fisel olarak, egzos ve benzeri gazlar\u0131 solumaktan uzak durarak ka\u00e7abiliriz, ama problem bilmedi\u011fimiz ve \u201csorun […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=910"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":912,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/910\/revisions\/912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}