{"id":988,"date":"2012-08-12T12:29:54","date_gmt":"2012-08-12T09:29:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=988"},"modified":"2012-08-12T12:29:54","modified_gmt":"2012-08-12T09:29:54","slug":"havada-bayilma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/?p=988","title":{"rendered":"Havada bay\u0131lma"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Beyin kan ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve oksijenlenmesinin ge\u00e7ici olarak azalmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 durumlar\u0131n\u0131n genel ad\u0131 \u201csenkop\u201d tur. Bir yaz\u0131da insanlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinin ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca en az bir senkop ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedeni %11-52 olguda karanl\u0131kt\u0131r. Tan\u0131 koymada en \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar EEG, CT, MRI, SPECT ve PET\u2019dir. Ancak beyin hastal\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan bu tetkikler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman normal sonu\u00e7 verir. Senkoplar\u0131n %11-13\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na (en \u00e7ok ritim bozukluklar\u0131na) ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilindi\u011finden, mutlaka EKG\u2019yi de i\u00e7eren bir kalp incelemesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu konu 3 ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r :<\/p>\n

1. Basit senkop : \u00c7e\u015fitli nedenlerle beyin kan ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 sonucu k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bay\u0131lma halidir. Bilinen nedenleri stres, korku, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tansiyon, kalp ritim bozukluklar\u0131, a\u00e7l\u0131k, kan \u015fekeri d\u00fc\u015fmesi, s\u0131cak, \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131, yatarken aniden kalkma, uzun s\u00fcre ayakta hareketsiz kalma, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 alkol alma, travma, beyin hastal\u0131klar\u0131, vs.dir. Bilincin k\u0131smen veya tamamen yitirildi\u011fi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonunda ki\u015fi kendine gelir.<\/p>\n

2. Konvulsif senkop : Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 basit senkoptaki gibi olmakla birlikte bay\u0131lma s\u0131ras\u0131nda istemsiz kas kas\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n (ihtila\u00e7) oldu\u011fu senkop t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bir organik beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoksa, EEG ve di\u011fer beyin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme teknikleri normal sonu\u00e7 verir. Havac\u0131l\u0131kta G kuvvetlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak basit ve konvulsif senkop olgular\u0131yla zaman zaman kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3. Epilepsi : Sara n\u00f6betlerinin oldu\u011fu bir beyin hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Amerikan toplumunda epileptik insanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 %1-3\u2019d\u00fcr. N\u00f6betler konvulsif senkoptan daha \u015fiddetlidir; kas\u0131lmalar 2-3 dakika s\u00fcrer, g\u00f6zler yukar\u0131 kayar, hasta morar\u0131r, otomatik davran\u0131\u015flar, kol-bacak atmalar\u0131 olabilir; derin uyku veya koma benzeri bu bay\u0131lma s\u0131ras\u0131nda dil \u0131s\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 yaralanmalar olas\u0131d\u0131r, idrar ka\u00e7\u0131rma daha fazlad\u0131r, n\u00f6bet sonras\u0131ndaki sersemlik, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, bulant\u0131 devresi de daha uzundur, 1-2 saat s\u00fcrebilir\u2026<\/p>\n

Havada Bay\u0131lma<\/p>\n

1. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u0130ngiliz pilotlar\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda bay\u0131larak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kumandas\u0131n\u0131 da, ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 da kaybettikleri bilinmekte ama nedeni bilinmemekte idi. Keskin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f, dal\u0131\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gibi sert manevralarda merkezka\u00e7 kuvvetinin beyindeki kan\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelere \u00e7ekti\u011fi ve b\u00f6ylece 30 saniye kadar s\u00fcren bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Yer\u00e7ekimi (gravity-G) birimine g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bu kuvvetler, agresif u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 askeri havac\u0131l\u0131ktaki y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flarda rutindir ve G kuvvetine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bilin\u00e7 kay\u0131plar\u0131 (G-loc) da bir\u00e7ok \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc u\u00e7u\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerindendir. Bu riski azaltmak \u00fczere, anti-G elbiseleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, y\u00fcksek G sim\u00fclasyonu alt\u0131nda anti-G manevralar\u0131 e\u011fitimi amac\u0131yla da 1933 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Almanya, Hollanda ve ABD\u2019de santrif\u00fcj cihazlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sivil havac\u0131l\u0131kta pilotu inkapasitasyona d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren senkop olgular\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, kalp krizi, beyin kanamas\u0131, epilepsi n\u00f6beti, kan \u015fekeri ve tansiyon d\u00fc\u015fmesi gibi t\u0131bbi nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. 36 bin pilotun 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7indeki u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, 10 enfarkt\u00fcs, 7 epileptik bay\u0131lma, 6 senkop ve 3 hipertansiyona ba\u011fl\u0131 beyin kanamas\u0131 nedeniyle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kumandas\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden 26 olgu rapor edilmi\u015ftir. ABD Hava Kuvvetlerinde 1978-87 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda 14 pilotun bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bunlar\u0131n 7\u2019sinin epileptik n\u00f6bet ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ve 3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn de u\u00e7u\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bildirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Havada bay\u0131lma pilotun u\u00e7a\u011fa kumandas\u0131n\u0131 saniyelerle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen s\u00fcrelerde bile kesintiye u\u011fratsa, \u00e7ok ciddi kazalara yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131ndan, pilotlar hi\u00e7bir meslek grubunda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar s\u0131k ve ciddi muayene edilmektedirler.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131y\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan :<\/strong> Do\u00e7. Dr. Muzaffer \u00c7eting\u00fc\u00e7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Beyin kan ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve oksijenlenmesinin ge\u00e7ici olarak azalmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131 durumlar\u0131n\u0131n genel ad\u0131 \u201csenkop\u201d tur. Bir yaz\u0131da insanlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te ikisinin ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca en az bir senkop ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f nedeni %11-52 olguda karanl\u0131kt\u0131r. Tan\u0131 koymada en \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar EEG, CT, MRI, SPECT ve PET\u2019dir. Ancak beyin hastal\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan bu tetkikler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman normal sonu\u00e7 verir. Senkoplar\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulten"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":990,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/988\/revisions\/990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hvtd.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}